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                  <text>There Were Children on the Battleground: Japanese and Filipino Youth in the Second World War</text>
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                <text>Filipinos waving Japanese flags&#13;
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                <text>Japan; World War II; Philippines;&#13;
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                <text>This photograph is from the May 19, 1943 edition of the Photographic Weekly Report (Shashin Shuho), which was a weekly pictorial journal published by the Japanese Cabinet Intelligence Department during the interwar years of 1938-1945. This magazine functioned as propaganda that the Japanese government used to shape public moral for the war. This photograph depicts Filipinos waving Japanese flags as they listen to the Japanese Prime Minister Tojo in the Philippines. This photograph served to portray to Japanese civilians the success and acceptance of other countries of Japan's leadership in the Pacific, although this was far from the case. The image caption translates to: "Filipinos filled Luneta Park [Rizal Park] for the Philippine Citizen's Rally to Express Gratitude, and their ears clearly heard, through each fiery word uttered by Prime Minister Tojo, the greatness of Axis leader Japan, and the righteousness of Japan's leadership." (Translation from: David C. Earhart, ed., "Certain Victory: Images of World War II in the Japanese Media" (Armonk, NE: M.E. Sharpe, 2008), 294)&#13;
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                <text>Photographic Weekly Report (PWR)&#13;
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                <text>Jacar (Japan Center for Asian Historical Records), "A Window into the Early Show Period: Shashin Shuho: Weekly Photographic Journal," May 19, 1943 issue, https://www.jacar.go.jp/english/shuhou-english/pdf/all/A06031086700.pdf&#13;
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                <text>Japan Cabinet Intelligence Department&#13;
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                <text>1943-05-19&#13;
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                <text>Jacar (Japan Center for Asian Historical Records)&#13;
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                <text>Public Domain&#13;
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                <text>Japan&#13;
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                <text>Image of the Philippines in Japanese Propaganda&#13;
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                <text>This photograph is from the August 6, 1941 edition of the Photographic Weekly Report (Shashin Shuho), which was a weekly pictorial journal published by the Japanese Cabinet Intelligence Department during the interwar years of 1938-1945. This magazine functioned as propaganda that the Japanese government used to shape public moral for the war. This photo is a piece of Japanese propaganda showing Filipinos in traditional attire, waving Japanese flags in a parade celebrating the Japanese Diet "granting" the Philippines its independence. The image caption reads "The reaffirmation by Prime Minister Tojo at the beginning of the reconvened Diet of the anticipated granting of independence to the Philippines has boosted the determination of the Philippine people to pour forth their precious sweat in cooperating with Japan. This past 8 February, in Manilla's Luneta Park, the Citizens Rally of Gratitude [toward Japan] took place. The citizens' elaborate parade down the city's main avenue expressed their fervent wish [for independence], receiving thunderous applause." (Translation from: David C. Earhart, ed., "Certain Victory: Images of World War II in the Japanese Media" (Armonk, NE: M.E. Sharpe, 2008), 295)&#13;
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                <text>Jacar (Japan Center for Asian Historical Records), "A Window into the Early Show Period: Shashin Shuho: Weekly Photographic Journal," March 17, 1943 issue, https://www.jacar.go.jp/english/shuhou-english/pdf/all/A06031085800.pdf&#13;
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                <text>Public Domain&#13;
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                <text>PWR_JapaneseFilipinoPropaganda.jpg&#13;
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                <text>Philippines; Japan&#13;
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